ESG - Environmental, Social and Governance criteria are a set of non-financial performance indicators that score how well a company has performed in these areas, often referred to as the 3 pillars:
Environmental - Energy efficiency, emissions, climate change strategy, water efficiency, waste management etc
Social - Health and safety, working conditions, gender diversity, human rights, child labour, slavery, etc
Governance - Corporate governance, board diversity and structure, executive compensation, political lobbying etc
What is ESG – a guide for businesses.
By the British Business Bank and aimed at smaller businesses.
The History of ESG
This gives the origin story of ESG: The Remarkable Rise of ESG by Georg Kell, Jul 11, 2018, Forbes
See also this useful history: ESG – a brief history of its development. By Carbon View
Financial Markets Standards Board: Spotlight Review - ESG Ratings. The focus is on external ESG issuer rating methodologies for companies produced by third party commercial ESG rating providers.
BARC study: The state of ESG & Sustainability Reporting – Challenges, tools and outlook.
FR09/2021 Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Ratings and Data Products Providers. Nov. 2021 by the Board of the International Organization of Securities Commissios (IOSC.)
Dimson, E., Marsh, P., Staunton, M. (2020). Divergent ESG Ratings. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 47, Article 1. https://doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2020.1.175
Hughes, A, M Urban, and D Wojcik. 2021. “Alternative ESG Ratings: How Technological Innovation Is Reshaping Sustainable Investment.” Sustainability 13 (6).
Kotsantonis, Sakis, and George Serafeim. "Four Things No One Will Tell You About ESG Data." Journal of Applied Corporate Finance 31, no. 2 (Spring 2019): 50–58.
Research Foundation Literature Reviews, 28 May 2020. ESG and Responsible Institutional Investing Around the World: A Critical Review. Pedro Matos.
Szilárd Erhart, Take it with a pinch of salt—ESG rating of stocks and stock indices, International Review of Financial Analysis,
Volume 83, 2022, 102308, ISSN 1057-5219.
Edmans, A (2023) The End of ESG. Financial Management, 52 (1). pp. 3-17. ISSN 0046-3892.
Official URL: https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.lbs.idm.oclc.org/d. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fima.12413